Geography

The Arctic is the Earth's northern polar area and includes the Arctic Ocean and its seas: the Greenland Sea, the Barents Sea, the Kara Sea, the Laptev Sea, the East Siberian Sea, the Chukchi Sea, the Beaufort Sea, as well as Baffin Bay, the Foxe Basin, numerous straits and bays of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, the northern parts of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans; the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Greenland, Spitsbergen, Franz Josef Land, Novaya Zemlya, Severnaya Zemlya, Novosibirsk Islands and Wrangel Island, as well as the northern coasts of the continents of Eurasia and North America.

Based on detailed reports with accompanying photo and video footage from recent military expeditions, Russia’s new navigational guide for the Arctic seas provides comprehensive descriptions of the Arctic Ocean, its seas, and coastlines. According to an interview with Izvestia, it also includes data on ice conditions, coastal approaches, and specific navigational features in various parts of the Russian Arctic.

The materials for the publication were gathered by the military over several years during 14 extended Arctic voyages. These expeditions led to the discovery of 40 new geographic features – including capes, bays, islands, and straits – within the Novaya Zemlya and Franz Josef Land archipelagos. All such changes were documented during the voyages via satellite geodetic surveys. The newly identified features are often named after renowned polar explorers, including military hydrographers.

Russian sailors now possess the most extensive dataset on the Arctic Basin. The new guide consolidates this technological and navigational lead, granting the Russian Navy a significant advantage in the region.

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